Xylobiont (from Greek xylos, wood, and bios, life) means “inhabiting wood”, “living in wood” or “wood-dwelling”. Xylobionts feed wholly or partly on wood, inhabit it, or use the cellulose contained in wood for nest construction. Xylobionts may be fungi (wood-inhabiting fungi) or animals. Among animals, insects make up most xylobionts, especially beetles such as members of the longhorn beetle family.

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